Types of boats and adaptations
An introduction to the boats and kit you’ll commonly see at RYA Sailability venues
Disabled people are able to enjoy time on the water in many varied types of boat, not just those that have been adapted. From larger yachts and tall ships, narrow boats and powerboats, to smaller dinghies, keelboats and windsurfers – you name it, there’s a way to sail it.
There are many people cruising on yachts, racing dinghies or exploring the inland waterways without any adaptations. But for some, getting the right kit can make all the difference to their independence and access. It’s all about finding ways to get on and off the boat, get into the right position within the boat, and have the support needed to control the sails and steer.
Here, we take a closer look at some of the boats, opportunities and innovations you’re likely to see at Sailability sites across the UK.
Small boats
You will find a variety of small and responsive boats, featuring a heavy centreboard or lifting keel that provides extra stability for people who may lack the mobility to move around the boat easily. The often simple set up makes it easy for beginners to learn to sail, but they’re also great for racing and many offer high performance for even the most competitive of sailors. Single-handed or double-handed, they can be sailed by both disabled and non-disabled sailors. Examples: Hansa 2.3 and 303, Liberty.
Multihulls
Twin or three hulled small boats, with forward-facing seats and adapted steering. They are stable, fun to sail, offer excellent performance and can be used in regular club racing. Examples: Challenger, Windrider, Weta.
Day boats
Day boats offer stability and plenty of space. Suitable for both cruising and racing, small adaptations to meet individual needs are commonly seen. They are fun and sociable to sail, with room for multiple crew members – perfect for going further afield. Examples: Traditional longboats, Luggers.
Keelboats
With even greater stability provided by a keel, these boats can be sailed single-handed or by several crew. Some are a great way to get into racing – with a Paralympic pedigree – but others are more suitable for cruising around. Adaptations are possible to improve both access to the boat and control once on board. They can be crewed by disabled and non-disabled sailors alike. Examples: 2.4mR, Sonar, Elliot 6, SB20, SKUD, RS Venture, Martin, Hawk 20.
Yachts and tall ships
Bigger and really stable because of a keel, yachts and tall ships require team work to get where you want to go whether it’s a day trip around the coast, or an ocean crossing. A few have been adapted so you can stay in your wheelchair, and others will have aids to make it easier to get around. Examples: Ellen MacArthur Cancer Trust, Tall Ships Trust, Oceans Youth Trust (South), Rona Sailing project, Sailboat project, Spirit of Scott Bader and the Gwennili Trust.
Powerboats
An alternative to sailing, powerboating offers a great way to experience the water. Get aboard straight from a pontoon or slipway with side access or a drop bow. It is possible for people to stay in their wheelchair in some vessels. Examples: Wheelyboats, Wet Wheels, Pioneer.
Canal and river boats
You can find boats across the inland waterways that are specially adapted or purpose built with accessibility in mind. With everything from changing benches, hoists and adjustable height facilities to ramps and lifts. Depending on the organisation, you may be available to hire to drive yourself, or have the help of a professional skipper or instructor.
Adapted to your abilities
From transfer boards, to stacking steps and hoists, there are a variety of solutions that allow almost anyone to get in and out of a boat.
Once onboard, seats can be adapted to ensure the sailor is comfortable and able to actively participate. From low tech beanbags to foam padding, quick release strapping and specially fitted seats – there are numerous options and possible adaptations.
The wide variety of innovative solutions and technologies to give sailors independence on-the-water is constantly evolving. Whether it’s aiding strength and mobility to steer or trim the sails, or accessible navigation tools, almost anything is possible.
Electric servos, joy sticks, chin switches, sip and puff straws and even eye gaze are all used to give sailors control of their boat. Tactile maps, audible racing marks, apps and various other tools are also all available to be used alongside navigation aids.
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